section 487(3)

INTRODUCTION AND BRIEF DESCRIPTION

This section allows for search warrants to be issued in a specific form provided by the criminal code.

SECTION WORDING

487(3) A search warrant issued under this section may be in the form set out as Form 5 in Part XXVIII, varied to suit the case.

EXPLANATION

Section 487(3) of the Criminal Code of Canada outlines the process for obtaining a search warrant. In criminal investigations, law enforcement officers may need to conduct a search of a person's home, vehicle, or other property for evidence related to the alleged crime. Such a search can be authorized by a judge or justice of the peace issuing a search warrant. The section specifies that the search warrant should be in the form provided in Part XXVIII, which contains the sample search warrant Form 5. This form outlines the details of the suspected offense, the property to be searched, and any items that may be seized during the search. However, the section also allows for this form to be varied or modified to match the specific circumstances of the case. This flexibility allows for individualized warrants that fit the unique needs of each investigation and ensures that officers are able to carry out their duties effectively and efficiently. It is important to note that search warrants must be obtained using proper legal procedures and must not infringe upon an individual's constitutional rights. Any evidence obtained through an unlawful search may be deemed inadmissible in court, potentially jeopardizing the outcome of a criminal case. As such, law enforcement officers must follow strict guidelines when obtaining search warrants to ensure that they are valid and legally sound.

COMMENTARY

Section 487(3) of the Criminal Code of Canada is a crucial component of the Canadian legal system that governs search warrants. This section provides that a search warrant may be issued by a judge or justice of the peace if there are reasonable grounds to believe that an offence has been committed and that evidence relating to the offence may be found at a specific location. The search warrant provided under this section may be in the form set out as Form 5 in Part XXVIII, which can be varied as per the case's need. This means that the form provided by the court for the search warrant can be changed or modified according to the situation that demands the search. The flexibility offered by the provision means that the law is not too prescriptive, and the judges and justices of the peace have some discretion in formulating the warrant. There are several reasons why this section of the code is crucial. Firstly, a search warrant is an essential tool for law enforcement agencies to investigate and prosecute individuals who are suspected of committing a criminal offence. A search warrant enables law enforcement officers to gather evidence that may be used in court to prove a suspect's guilt. This is essential to ensure that justice is served and that those who break the law are held accountable for their actions. Secondly, the flexibility provided in the form of the warrant ensures that the warrant adequately meets the needs of the investigative officers. The officer, before making an arrest, must have reasonable and probable grounds. They use the warrant provided under the code to gain access to the individual's property, whether residential, commercial or personal, and gather evidence that is admissible in court. This evidence is essential to secure a conviction and prevent improper convictions or acquittals. Thirdly, the provision requires that the warrant be issued by a judge or justice of the peace, ensuring that there is an independent assessment of the evidence relied upon by the officer. Judges and justices of the peace are independent of the police and have the power to protect an individual's rights and freedoms. In granting a search warrant, the judge or justice of the peace ensures that the rights of individuals are not being violated and that the warrant is narrowly focused on obtaining evidence relevant to the criminal offence. Fourthly, the provision is critical in protecting Canadian democracy. The rule of law is the backbone of a democracy, and this provision ensures that government officials are not above the law. Instead, they must comply with the legislative guidelines set out in the code. The flexibility provided in the section does not allow for arbitrary abuse of the discretionary powers given to law enforcement officers, thereby ensuring the system's integrity. Finally, this provision is crucial in promoting public trust in the criminal justice system. Search warrants are essential tools in investigating and prosecuting criminal offences. However, their use can be viewed as intrusive and unwarranted if they are not conducted in compliance with the law. The flexibility provided in the section ensures that the warrant is not a blanket power used indiscriminately, but one that is used with the necessary checks and balances to protect individual rights. In conclusion, section 487(3) of the Criminal Code of Canada plays a critical role in the Canadian legal system by regulating the use of search warrants by law enforcement officers. It balances the duty of the police to investigate criminal activities with individual rights, thereby ensuring that justice is served, democracy is protected, and public trust is maintained in the justice system.

STRATEGY

Section 487(3) of the Criminal Code of Canada grants Canadian law enforcement agencies the authority to obtain a search warrant, which is a court order authorizing a search of a specific location or premises. This section is a powerful tool for law enforcement agencies, as it grants them the power to search for and seize evidence related to criminal activity, including drugs, weapons, and other contraband. When dealing with Section 487(3) of the Criminal Code of Canada, there are several strategic considerations that law enforcement agencies should keep in mind. One of the most important considerations is the need to ensure that the warrant application is carefully crafted and meets all of the legal requirements set forth in the Criminal Code. This includes ensuring that the evidence in support of the warrant application is sufficient to establish reasonable grounds for the search. Another critical consideration is the need to ensure that the warrant is executed appropriately. This means that the execution team must follow all of the protocols set forth in the warrant and must take steps to minimize any damage or inconvenience that may result from the search. This includes ensuring that the search is conducted as discreetly as possible, so as not to alert suspects and potentially compromise the investigation. Some strategies that law enforcement agencies can use to maximize the effectiveness of Section 487(3) include working closely with prosecutors to prepare strong applications for warrants and ensuring that all of the necessary legal requirements are met. They should also make an effort to develop good relationships with members of the community and property owners, as this can help to facilitate the execution of warrants and make the search process smoother and more efficient. Another key strategy is to use technology and other resources to assist in the execution of the warrant. For example, using drones and other surveillance equipment can help to provide real-time information about the location of suspects and can help to ensure that the search is conducted in the most effective way possible. In conclusion, Section 487(3) of the Criminal Code of Canada is a powerful tool for law enforcement agencies, but it must be used thoughtfully and carefully to ensure that it is effective and does not infringe on the rights of innocent individuals. By taking a strategic approach and working closely with prosecutors and members of the community, law enforcement agencies can maximize the effectiveness of this important tool and help to ensure the safety and security of all Canadians.